Mechanisms of Action: How GHK-CU Functions at the Cellular Level GHK-CU exerts its effects through intricate mechanisms, including copper ion delivery, gene expression modulation, and activation of enzymes involved in tissue repair and regeneration
2013;305:C112338

Water/Aqua/Eau, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate (vitamin C/antioxidant), Dimethicone (silicone/emollient), Glycerin (humectant), C912 Alkane (solvent), Ascorbyl Glucoside (vitamin C/antioxidant), Silica (texture enhancer), Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Extract (plant extracts/antioxidant), Hydrogenated Lecithin (emollient), Polyglyceryl6 Polyricinoleate (emulsifier/suspending/dispersing agent), Acrylates/C1030 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer (texture enhancer), Xanthan Gum (texture enhancer), Glutathione (antioxidant), Ergothioneine (antioxidant), Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract (plant extracts/antioxidant), Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer (suspending/dispersing agent), Cetyl Alcohol (emollient), Caprylyl Glycol (humectant), Lysine Carboxymethyl Cysteinate (antioxidant), CocoCaprylate/Caprate (emollient), Tocopherol (vitamin E/antioxidant), Sodium Citrate (pH adjuster), Sodium Phytate (chelating agent), Hexylene Glycol (humectant), Ethylhexylglycerin (humectant), Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Extract (plant extracts/antioxidant), Urea (humectant), Mannitol (humectant), Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (emollient), Sodium PCA (humectant), Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract (plant extracts/antioxidant), Polysorbate 60 (emulsifier), Sorbitan Isostearate (emulsifier), Trehalose (humectant), Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C/antioxidant), Glucose (humectant), Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Extract (plant extracts/antioxidant), Polyquaternium51 (filmforming agent), Triacetin (solvent), Sodium Hyaluronate (humectant), Phenoxyethanol (preservative)

Inducible NOS, iNOS The major functions of NO production through activation of iNOS are associated with the bactericidal and tumoricidal actions of macrophages
These usually resolve on their own
Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals, minors, or anyone with known allergies to glutathione or injectable treatments should avoid use unless advised otherwise by a medical professional