Clade 2 GS enzymes do not encode a secretion signal and are expressed in the intestine
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), BPC-157 is not approved for any human therapeutic indication and has been restricted from use in compounding pharmacies due to a lack of safety data
PMID: 9488001 Sacheck JM, Ohtsuka A, McLary SC, Goldberg AL
Anti-Inflammatory Studies Examine its role in reducing inflammation in various models Active Ingredient: BPC-157 10 mg Inactive Ingredients: Lyophilized powder without preservatives 100% legal in Poland for research use only, not for human consumption
Interestingly, a recent study examining the time-dependent effect of low IGF-1 levels on aging outcomes observed that a targeted reduction in liver-derived IGF-1 early (10 d or 5 mo) or later in life (15 mo) improved aspects of lifespan in females, though these effects were most pronounced when IGF-1 was reduced at 5 mo old 19
Serious but rare complications: Hypokalaemia: Rapid B12 replacement in severely deficient patients can precipitate potassium depletion during haematopoietic recovery, potentially causing cardiac arrhythmias
