Some patients benefit from adding magnesium supplements, which provide dual benefits for both regularity and nutrient repletion
Investigations that may be considered include: Blood tests to assess renal function, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium), glucose control (HbA1c), and thyroid function Creatine kinase (CK) if myopathy is suspected, particularly in patients taking statins Vitamin and mineral levels (vitamin D, vitamin B12) if deficiency is suspected Medication review to identify potential drug interactions or adverse effects Urgent medical attention is required if leg cramps are accompanied by: Severe pain with muscle swelling and warmth (possible deep vein thrombosis) contact NHS 111 or GP for same-day assessment Dark or cola-coloured urine (potential rhabdomyolysis, though extremely rare) Chest pain or severe breathlessness call 999 immediately Patients should be reassured that with appropriate assessment and management, leg cramps can usually be effectively controlled, allowing continuation of beneficial GLP-1 therapy under medical supervision
B., An J., Bain J
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Lipid peroxidation increases membrane tension, Piezo1 gating, and cation permeability to execute ferroptosis
Statements Data availability statement The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request
