Its primary mechanism is angiogenesis: BPC-157 triggers new blood vessel growth (via VEGF upregulation) in injured tissue, which accelerates tendon, ligament, gut, and joint repair
Neuropharmacology 32 , 895900 (1993)
In addition, degradation within the gastrointestinal tract and first-pass metabolism substantially reduce systemic bioavailability, and preclinical animal findings may not consistently predict human pharmacokinetics and efficacy ( in vivo transformation mechanisms to meet the stringent demands for safety, stability, reproducibility, and standardization necessary for clinical translation
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