l-Carnitine Supplementation in Older Women
Drug Information for the Health Care Professional
Current therapies including statins, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, antimalarials, and targeted molecular agents aim to modulate lipid profiles, inflammatory responses, immune activation, and gut microbiota composition to mitigate cardiovascular risks
Gut microbes can use carnitine and acylcarnitine as carbon sources, nitrogen sources, osmotic protectants or electron acceptors, but the gut microbiota cannot synthesize carnitine itself, and the mitochondrial function of acylcarnitine produced by carnitine palmitoyltransferase has not been observed in prokaryotes [230]
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Kidney Protection
Development and testing of advanced delivery strategies, such as nanoformulations and prodrugs, are needed to overcome bioavailability challenges and improve central nervous system penetration and target engagement