In countries such as Malaysia, G6PD deficiency is common and is an important cause of severe neonatal jaundice ( PathophysiologyAntioxidants and Gene Variants The G6PD enzyme is constitutively expressed in cells and plays an essential role in the pentose phosphate pathway
GLP-1 medications reverse many of these disruptions, which explains why they are now studied as potential tools to support ovulation, preconception health, and metabolic optimization before IVF
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In my latest for The New York Times, I explore how patients experience these drugs, and why the reality may be more complex than the dominant narrative suggests

Tirzepatide-induced gastrointestinal manifestations: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Cureus (2023) The novel dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist tirzepatide transiently delays gastric emptying similarly to selective long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists, Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism (2020) What is the incidence of pancreatitis associated with Zepbound (tirzepatide)?, Eli Lilly website (2024) Constipation and impaction, Harvard Health (2023) Pancreatitis, Johns Hopkins Medicine (2025) Gallstones and gallbladder disease, Mount Sinai Zepbound label, Food and Drug Administration (2025) Gingers nutritional implication on gastrointestinal health, Clinical Nutrition Open Science (2025) Review article: The physiologic effects and safety of peppermint oil and its efficacy in irritable bowel syndrome and other functional disorders, Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics (2018) Efficacy and safety of peppermint oil in a randomized double-blind trial of patients with irritable bowel syndrome, Gastroenterology (2020) Medically accurate: SingleCares Medical Review Board analyzes all of our content to confirm its in line with current medical advice

This came just days before the U.S