Within the study of hormesis in nutrition, it is important to make a distinction between the effects of individual food components and the broader phenomenon of dietary hormesis
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (2021)
Minor side effects like nausea or headache are possible but not the norm, and serious complications are rare
Patients with massive overdoses can present with signs of early mitochondrial injury, including altered mental status and metabolic (lactic) acidosis not responsive to fluid resuscitation, before any laboratory evidence of hepatotoxicity is seen
It is acid-stable, soluble at lower pH, penetrates in high concentrations into gastric tissue and mucus and acts both at the extracellular and intracellular levels exerting excellent antimicrobial activity
Furuta S, Shimada O, Doi N, Ukai K, Nakagawa T, Watanabe J, Imaizumi M