Significantly elevated homocysteine has been observed in people suffering with cardiovascular disease, stroke, neurodegeneration (Nelson et al, 2016) and frailty in old age (Guaita et al, 2021) and elevated homocysteine is associated with a reduced blood flow to the small vessels in the brain (reduced microcirculation) (Hassan et al, 2004) which is an important connection because a reduced microcirculation may increase the risk of developing Alzheimers disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or Parkinsons disease (Erdener and Dalkara, 2019)
Smokers are at a higher risk of developing GERD and may experience more severe symptoms
Thats an important finding
Strengths and limitations The strengths of our study are as follows: (1) We performed a robust, streamlined proteomics method to quantify proteins in the human serum using nano UHPLC-MS/MS 15
doi: 10.3390/ijms22094591 39 DevSBabittJL
Most of these are involved in repair, inflammation regulation, and metabolic function