Once inside the enterocytes, B12 is released from intrinsic factor and binds to transcobalamin II, forming holotranscobalamin, the biologically active form that enters the bloodstream
2011 Sep;94(3):847-53
Yes, in research
Reasons for fatigue Fatigue stems from physical or mental factors, including things like: Metabolic conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, Cushing syndrome, and thyroid conditions Mental health issues such as depression, stress, eating disorders, anxiety, and burnout Cardiovascular conditions affecting blood flow, such as arrhythmias, heart disease, and heart failure Medications such as antidepressants, antihistamines, steroids, statins, and sedatives Sleep problems due to insomnia, narcolepsy, jet lag, and sleep apnea Chemical imbalances due to too little or too much of various essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals Facts about B12 deficiency Also referred to as cobalamin deficiency and named after the scientific term for this water-soluble nutrient, a B12 deficiency can result from low dietary intake or from your body not absorbing the vitamin properly

Progressive weakness, worsening balance problems, or new neurological symptoms require prompt assessment, as these may indicate inadequate treatment or concurrent conditions
The publications employed various concentrations and experimental conditions, tailored to the specific research model, experimental design and the aim of the analysis