Key points Abdominal pain in chronic constipation (FC/IBS-C) stems from fecal/gas distension, gut dysbiosis (e.g., histamineproducing bacteria), serotonin imbalances (linked to IBS-C pain), and neural dysfunction (central/peripheral sensitization)
[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Middha P, Weinstein SJ, Mnnist S, Albanes D, Mondul AM
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Vegetarians and vegans seeking to prevent deficiency rather than correct existing insufficiency may maintain levels with consistent oral supplementation
& Greene, M
