Thirty-five were preclinical (i.e., in rodents or cell culture)
In preclinical studies, healthy mice, CKD rats, and diabetic mice treated with NA, NAM, or NMN showed increased NAD + levels in the kidney 297,298,299
Apply a toner (optional): If you typically use a toner as part of your skincare routine, apply it before applying the Copper Peptide Serum
By bypassing the digestive system, IV delivery achieves virtually 100% bioavailability of glutathione, meaning your body can use all of it immediately
What You Will Need Before beginning, gather all necessary supplies in a clean, well-lit area: AOD-9604 vial: The lyophilized (freeze-dried) peptide powder from your compounding pharmacy Bacteriostatic water: Sterile water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol as a preservative, which allows for multiple uses from a single vial Insulin syringes: 29-gauge or 31-gauge, 0.5 mL or 1 mL capacity
Keep your supplies organized