Muizzuddin, N., & Benjamin, R
PBMCs were isolated with density-gradient centrifugation, then washed twice and lysed in RIPA buffer (Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA) supplemented with protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA)
This study showed effects at very low concentrations (picomolar to nanomolar), which is encouraging for topical application
Preparation Reconstitution Guide Mix this blend with bacteriostatic water just like any other peptide
NSAID medications like ibuprofen and naproxen may counteract some of the peptides beneficial effects, though research also shows BPC-157 can protect against NSAID-induced gastrointestinal damage
The key distinctions: The critical difference is the preservative