Exosomes carry diverse DAMPs such as HMGB1, ATP, exRNA, cfDNA, and HSPs, which play crucial roles in intercellular communication [41,42,43]
Jomova K, Alomar SY, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Valko M
doi: 10.1002/glia.24314 384 WooM
Opioids cross the placenta and may produce respiratory depression and psycho-physiologic effects in neonates
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For instance, HMGB1 can regulate calcium levels through a TLR4/ROS-dependent pathway, leading to calcium leakage from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, a reduction in the amplitude of calcium transients, and decreased cardiomyocyte contractility, which can further aggravate the pathological processes in the heart [307]