[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 82.Duailibi M.S., Cordeiro Q., Brietzke E., Ribeiro M., LaRowe S., Berk M., Trevizol A.P
It prompts the pancreas to secrete insulin, suppresses glucagon, slows gastric emptying so food stays in the stomach longer, and acts on receptors in the hypothalamus and brainstem to reduce appetite
They are not a substitute for good nutrition and healthy habits, but they provide valuable support by filling nutritional gaps and ensuring consistent intake of key nutrients
Poor sleep increases cortisol and ghrelin (hunger hormone) while decreasing leptin (satiety hormone)
In such cases, the emergency help is called upon and a doctor should be contacted as soon as possible
Beyond gastrointestinal effects, injection site reactions (mild redness or tenderness) are occasionally reported but typically resolve within a day