The aqueous extract of Astragalus membranaceus can significantly improve the cognitive function of hypoxic rats, with potential mechanisms related to the alleviation of oxidative stress, reduction of free radicals and metabolite accumulation, and activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway ( in vivo experiment using cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury as a model reported that AS-IV isolated from Astragalus membranaceus can prevent brain edema and BBB breakdown, through the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and aquaporin 4 (AQP4), mediated via the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway ( Astragalus membranaceus on brain injuries associated with high-altitude hypoxia, and suggest its potential value as a neuroprotective agent
doi: 10.1016/s0168-1605(00)00456-6 226 KullisaarTZilmerMMikelsaarMVihalemmTAnnukHKairaneCet al
It has been thought that renal damage linked to hypertension is caused by oxidative stress [146,147,148]
For instance, Cheng-Ho Chung et al
Why is my medicine no longer being sent to my doctors office
PubMed, doi:10.1159/000490071
