In production settings, immunocompromised cattle are highly susceptible to URT dysbiosis, which often leads to bovine respiratory disease (BRD) 98 , characterized by the overgrowth of opportunistic bacteria, including Pasteurella multocida , Histophilus somni , Mannheimia haemolytica , and Mycoplasma bovis , frequently in co-infection with respiratory viruses such as Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3) (Table 2)
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Metabolites 10 (11), 450
Moreover, these ligands can be spontaneously embedded in the phospholipid layer of lipid carriers using a plug-and-play approach without chemical modification, with excellent tunability and immunocompatibility
2 SAN Scientifically Advanced Nutrition -L- 87,5