This mouse line was originally developed by crossing humanized Glp-1r knockin mice (105) with MIP-Cre/ERT mice (106), both of which are on a C57BL/6 background
It is essential for RDNs to actively participate in the nutrition care process by calculating individualized protein needs rather than relying on AMDR as it does not adequately reflect higher protein requirements
Conversely, overfeeding increases intra-portal insulin levels that enhances hepatic GH sensitivity to a degree where relatively low GH secretion is sufficient to maintain ambient hepatic IGF-I synthesis and secretion, and normal circulating IGF-I levels ( Figure 1 This review summarizes how changes in hepatic exposure to intra-portal insulin in health and disease states modulates the GH/IGF-I axis
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For effective whitening results, regular doses are recommended for 4 to 12 weeks, followed by monthly maintenance sessions
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1702860 Received 10 September 2025 Accepted 20 October 2025 Published 30 October 2025 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Jorge B