Based on the research and clinical trials, here are the disease states and associated risk reductions with GLP-1 medications: Cardiovascular Disease: Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE): 20-26% reduction Heart attack: ~20% reduction Stroke: ~20% reduction Cardiovascular death: ~15-20% reduction Heart Failure: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF): Improved symptoms, exercise tolerance, and body composition Heart failure hospitalizations: Reduced (specific percentages vary by study) Kidney Disease: Progression to end-stage renal disease: 20-30% reduction Decline in eGFR: Slowed progression Type 2 Diabetes: Progression from prediabetes to diabetes: Reduced risk (specific percentage varies) Liver Disease: NAFLD/NASH improvement: Reduced liver fat and inflammation Liver enzyme normalization: Significant improvement in ALT/AST Obesity-Related Complications: Body weight reduction: 10-15% (semaglutide), 15-22% (tirzepatide) Visceral fat reduction: Substantial decrease Metabolic Syndrome Components: Blood pressure: 5-10 mmHg reduction in systolic BP Triglycerides: 20-30% reduction Insulin resistance: Significant improvement Cancer: (emerging data) Overall cancer risk: Potential reduction (10-20% suggested in some observational studies) Specific cancers linked to obesity/metabolic dysfunction: Reduced risk observed Neurodegeneration: (preliminary data) Alzheimers disease progression: Some trials are ongoing, but recent data have been unpromising
Plant J 17:181189 Sakamoto M, Munemura I, Tomita R, Kobayashi K (2008) Involvement of hydrogen peroxide in leaf abscissionsignaling, revealed by analysis with an in vitro abscissionsystem in Capsicum plants
Fiber supplementsincluding psyllium husk (Metamucil) and methylcellulose (Citrucel)can help if constipation is mild, but they must be paired with at least 68 glasses of water daily
On their own, B12 injections are unlikely to cause meaningful weight loss
This causes the metabolic rate to decrease, meaning people need to eat fewer calories to maintain the same weight
Factors such as age, underlying conditions, medications, and reproductive goals all play a role in determining the safest approach
