The novelty of this review lies in its integrative approach, moving beyond a mere description of disparate pathways to synthesize a coherent framework that connects key metabolic nodessuch as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1)-glycolysis axis, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-FAO signalinginto a dynamic immunometabolic network ( Figure 1 )
The real-world impact of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on asthma control in people with high-risk asthma and obesity
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A physician must review the patients diagnosis, medications, side-effect risk, kidney and liver function, diabetes status, blood pressure, cholesterol, and overall treatment goals
The clinical significance of defects in the BTD gene are described below
For both therapeutic classes, this increased risk of gallbladder or biliary diseases has been thought to be driven by the inhibition of the secretion of cholecystokinin by GLP-1, leading to impaired gallbladder motility and contractility [64, 65]