Arner et al., 1996
Yang Y, Ye Y-C, Chen Y, Zhao J-L, Gao C-C, Han H, Liu W-C, Qin H-Y
Injections: Small-dose injections, typically subcutaneous (under the skin), are a common administration method
The impaired interaction decelerated the oxidative half-reaction and decreased the steady-state concentration of available glutathionylated enzyme for the rate-limiting turnover of GSH
This includes upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase) that protect against oxidative damage, enhancement of growth factor expression (TGF-, VEGF, PDGF) that supports tissue repair, and suppression of inflammatory gene expression that contributes to chronic skin degradation
These can manifest as skin rashes, itching, or respiratory symptoms