References: Seiwerth, S., Milavic, M., Vukojevic, J., Gojkovic, S., Krezic, I., Vuletic, L. B., Pavlov, K. H., Petrovic, A., Sikiric, S., Vranes, H., Prtoric, A., Zizek, H., Durasin, T., Dobric, I., Staresinic, M., Strbe, S., Knezevic, M., Sola, M., Kokot, A., Sever, M., Sikiric, P. (2021). Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Wound Healing.Frontiers in pharmacology,12, 627533. Maar, K., Hetenyi, R., Maar, S., Faskerti, G., Hanna, D., Lippai, B., Takatsy, A., & Bock-Marquette, I. (2021). Utilizing Developmentally Essential Secreted Peptides Such as Thymosin Beta-4 to Remind the Adult Organs of Their Embryonic State-New Directions in Anti-Aging Regenerative Therapies.Cells,10(6), 1343. National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 132558700, CID 132558700 PubChem, National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 9941957 PubChem, Gurtner GC, Werner S, Barrandon Y, Longaker MT. Wound repair and regeneration. Nature. 2008 May 15;453(7193):314-21. doi: 10.1038/nature07039. PMID: 18480812. Santra, M., Zhang, Z. G., Yang, J., Santra, S., Santra, S., Chopp, M., & Morris, D. C. (2014). Thymosin 4 up-regulation of microRNA-146a promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and suppression of the Toll-like proinflammatory pathway.The Journal of biological chemistry,289(28), 1950819518. Sikiric, Predrag et al. Brain-gut Axis and Pentadecapeptide BPC-157: Theoretical and Practical Implications. Current neuropharmacology vol. 14,8 (2016): 857-865. Chang, Chung-Hsun et al. The promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC-157 on tendon healing involves tendon outgrowth, cell survival, and cell migration. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) vol. 110,3 (2011): 774-80. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00945.2010. Katherine M. Malinda et.al, Thymosin 4 Accelerates Wound Healing, Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 364-368, ISSN 0022-202X, Study of Thymosin Beta 4 in Patients With Pressure Ulcers. S Seiwerth, et al. BPC-157s effect on healing. Journal of physiology, Paris vol. 91,3-5 (1997): 173-8. doi:10.1016/s0928-4257(97)89480-6. Xu B, Yang M, Li Z, Zhang Y, Jiang Z, Guan S, Jiang D. Thymosin 4 enhances the healing of medial collateral ligament injury in rat. Regul Pept. 2013 Jun 10;184:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.regpep.2013.03.026. Pevec D, Novinscak T, Brcic L, Sipos K, Jukic I, Staresinic M, Mise S, Brcic I, Kolenc D, Klicek R, Banic T, Sever M, Kocijan A, Berkopic L, Radic B, Buljat G, Anic T, Zoricic I, Bojanic I, Seiwerth S, Sikiric P. Impact of pentadecapeptide BPC-157 on muscle healing impaired by systemic corticosteroid application. Med Sci Monit. 2010 Mar;16(3):BR81-88. PMID: 20190676. Srivastava, D., Ieda, M., Fu, J., & Qian, L. (2012). Cardiac repair with thymosin 4 and cardiac reprogramming factors.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,1270, 6672. Bock-Marquette, I., Saxena, A., White, M. D., Dimaio, J. M., & Srivastava, D. (2004). Thymosin beta4 activates integrin-linked kinase and promotes cardiac cell migration, survival and cardiac repair.Nature,432(7016), 466472
[PubMed: 193398] 225
No, you can dive right in with a 1% concentration for topical serums
Prescribers should also consider whether the benefits of concurrent use outweigh the risks, and whether alternative treatment strategies might be more appropriate for the individual patient
Brennan BP, Jensen JE, Hudson JI, et al
[3] Liposomal and sublingual forms are marketed as higher-bioavailability alternatives, though head-to-head data against standard oral tablets remain limited
