When tretinoin and niacinamide are combined into a single compounded formulation, the synergistic effects can offer multiple benefits for the skin for example: reduced skin irritation, enhanced efficacy, a simplified skin care routine and a more affordable treatment option
(Sun Prairie, WI, USA)
However, after oral or systemic administration, Dex lacks organ-targeting capabilities, so higher doses and frequencies are required to achieve effective concentrations at the site of inflammation [103], which causes severe side effects on the hematological and alimentary systems [104]
In addition, rod-shaped Cerium oxides (CeO 2 ) NPs produced higher toxic responses with higher extracellular LDH release and pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF- production in the RAW264.7 cell line, compared to cubic/octahedral-shaped NPs with similar chemical composition and crystallinity (Wang et al., 2015)
10.1016/j.abb.2021.108794 176 SayesC
The peptide is naturally occurring, non-toxic, and effective at very low concentrations
