The damage from freeze-thaw cycles comes from repeated freezing and thawing of the same solution, where ice crystals form, melt, reform, and melt again, each cycle physically stressing the peptide molecules
100 HolmqvistS.ChutnaO.BoussetL.Aldrin-KirkP.LiW.BjrklundT.et al (2014)
A 2023 study of more than 17,000 patients published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that semaglutide reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events including heart attack, stroke and cardiovascular death by about 20% in overweight or obese adults who already have cardiovascular disease but not diabetes
But there was a problem: the human body breaks down GLP-1 very fast, lasting only minutes in the bloodstream
Growth hormone can transiently increase insulin resistance, which may raise fasting blood sugar in some individuals
Traditional hormone replacement therapy (HRT) concerns you or hasn't worked well