Hoidrup S, Prescott E, Sorensen TI, Gottschau A, Lauritzen JB, Schroll M, Gronbaek M
Suppressive antiviral medication will reduce not only the number of outbreaks but viral shedding as well
Different studies have shown that cigarette smoke causes a reduction in cell viability and induction of apoptosis in respiratory hair cells20, opposite mitogenic effects or pro-apoptotic depending on the cigarette smoke concentration21 or even an impairment on epithelial regeneration upon injury.22 Animal studies have shown that chronic and intermittent exposure to cigarette smoke cause morphological alterations to the epithelium of the entire respiratory tract, from hyperplasia in lower concentrations, all the way to loss of cilia and metaplasia with keratinization in higher concentrations, and also submucosal thickening and inflammation with neutrofilic and mononuclear inflammatory cells infiltrate.23 Also, Hamm et al.24 showed that the cigarette-induced respiratory mucosa inflammatory reaction persists even after seven months of recovery
Ever using e-cigarettes is positively associated with the risk of COPD, according to the pooled effect estimates in Fig
Check the outside vent pipe twice a year and remove any blockages with a vent brush
Two things stand out
