Trends in consumption over the past half century in different geographical regions (as defined by the GBD Study) are shown in online supplemental figure S5b
Labstat International analytical method, TMS-00115A, was used for e-liquid nicotine analysis
Such wide variations in the concentration of toxicants are influenced by various factors such as tobacco plant, tobacco type, nitrate and alkaloid content, method of cultivation, pesticides used, harvesting and processing techniques and storage conditions
February's reputation reigns consistent in being inconsistent
Reduced Health Risks Public Health England famously estimated vaping as 95% less harmful than smoking
Participants included individuals without severe obesity, demonstrating benefits across diverse patient groups