Lower CGA concentrations (50300 M) decreased LDH activity in L-02 cells ( p 0.05) (Figure 7D)
During oxidative stress, ROS directly interact with amino acid side chains (mainly lysine, arginine, proline, and threonine), or peptide bonds in the polypeptide chain are broken and carbonyl groups are formed inside the polypeptide structure (168)
Furthermore, the network analysis showed a close relationship between various metabolic pathways, for example, between glutathione and alanine metabolism via glutamate metabolism, as well as between the metabolism of glycine and serine and alanine metabolism via glutamate metabolism and that of glucose-alanine cycle and alanine metabolism via transfer of acetyl groups into mitochondria
partial sequence of human Body Protection Compound Sequence: H-Gly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val-OH (GEPPPGKPADDAGLV) CAS Number: 137525-51-0 Molecular Formula: C 62 H 98 N 16 O 22 Molecular Weight: 1419.55 g/mol Mechanism (working): modulation of nitric oxide system, VEGFR-2 expression, and growth factor signaling supporting GI, vascular, and connective-tissue repair Regulatory status: not approved by the FDA or EMA TB-500 Compound class: synthetic N-acetylated heptapeptide
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol (2010) 298:G91626
Brain Research Bulletin , 125, 111.